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Ocular Surface Disorders
Ocular Surface Disease (Dry Eye & Blepharitis)
Ocular surface disease is a common condition that affects the front surface of the eye, including the tear film, cornea, and eyelids. It is most often associated with dry eye syndrome and blepharitis, which frequently occur together.
While ocular surface disease is rarely sight-threatening, it can cause persistent discomfort, blurred vision, and irritation that significantly affects quality of life.
At Institute of Eye Surgery, we offer comprehensive assessment and personalised management plans to relieve symptoms and protect long-term eye health.
Dry Eye Syndrome
What is dry eye syndrome?
Dry eye syndrome occurs when the eyes do not produce enough tears, or when tears evaporate too quickly. As a result, the surface of the eye becomes dry and inflamed.
Dry eye often develops without a single clear cause, but it may be associated with:
- Blepharitis (eyelid inflammation)
- Age-related changes
- Autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis
- Environmental factors or prolonged screen use
Symptoms of dry eye
Symptoms vary from mild to severe and may include:
- Paradoxical watering of the eyes due to surface irritation
- Grittiness or a foreign-body sensation
- Burning or irritation
- Redness of the eyes
- Intermittent blurred vision
- Sensitivity to light
How is dry eye treated?
Dry eye management is tailored to each individual and often involves a combination of treatments, including:
- Lubricating eye drops, gels, or ointments
- Treatment of contributing eyelid conditions
- Lifestyle and environmental adjustments
In more severe cases, punctal plugs may be used to help preserve the tear film on the surface of the eye.
Finding the most effective treatment often requires a personalised approach and ongoing review.
Blepharitis
What is blepharitis?
Blepharitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the eyelids, often caused by bacteria, skin conditions, or abnormal oil gland function.
It commonly contributes to dry eye symptoms and requires consistent management rather than a one-time treatment.
Symptoms of blepharitis
Common symptoms include:
- Intermittent blurred vision
- Gritty or sore eyes
- Red or irritated eyelids
- Crusting along the eyelid margins, especially in the morning
How is blepharitis managed?
Blepharitis is typically managed with a regular lid hygiene routine, which helps control inflammation and reduce symptoms.
In some cases, particularly when associated with skin conditions, oral or topical medications may be prescribed. While blepharitis cannot be cured, symptoms can usually be well controlled with consistent care.
Lid Margin Hygiene: What to Expect
Mild to Moderate Blepharitis
A gentle daily routine may include:
- Regular maintenance to keep symptoms under control
- Warm compresses to soften debris and oils
- Cleaning the eyelid margins with recommended wipes or cotton buds
Moderate to Severe Blepharitis
For more persistent symptoms, a structured routine may be recommended, including:
- Warm compresses applied to closed eyelids
- Gentle eyelid massage to release blocked oils
- Careful cleansing of the eyelid margins
Your consultant will provide clear, personalised instructions based on the severity of your condition.
What to Expect: Ocular Surface Disease Care at IOES
Before Your Appointment
Your visit begins with a comprehensive assessment of your symptoms, tear film, eyelids, and ocular surface.
You’ll be asked about:
- Lifestyle or environmental factors
- Eye discomfort or visual changes
- Medical history and medications
During Your Visit
Your consultant will examine the surface of the eye and eyelids in detail and explain:
- Which treatments are most appropriate
- The cause of your symptoms
- Whether dry eye, blepharitis, or both are present
After Your Appointment
You’ll receive a personalised care plan that may include:
- Eye drops or other treatments
- A tailored lid hygiene routine
- Follow-up appointments to assess response
Ocular surface disease often requires ongoing management, and your care team will guide you through each step.
Important Safety Note
If you experience severe eye pain, significant vision loss, or persistent redness that does not improve, seek prompt eye assessment. These symptoms may indicate a condition requiring further investigation.
Frequently Asked Questions About Ocular Surface Disease
Take the Next Step
If dry, irritated, or uncomfortable eyes are affecting your daily life, our team is here to help.
Book an eye examination or contact our team to learn more about ocular surface disease assessment and treatment at IOES.
